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HEPATITIS A
See enteric diseases.
HEPATITIS B
Cases = 147
Crude Rate (per 100,000 population) = 2.6
Sex-specific rates (per 100,000 population)
Male = 3.5
Female = 1.7
Hepatitis B is a bloodborne pathogen transmitted by direct contact with blood or body fluids which contain the virus, sexual contact with an infected person, or from an infected mother to her infant during childbirth.
In 1996, there was a sharp decrease in reported cases of acute hepatitis B and there were no deaths. Hepatitis B-1 shows the case rate since 1991. Prior to this year, the rate of infection had remained stable through the 1990s.
Hepatitis B-1
Rates of acute hepatitis B infection varied with age. Although the highest rate in Indiana continues to be found in young adults, aged 25-34 (4.6), the rate shows a marked decrease from the 1995 rate of 8.3. There was no change in rate of hepatitis B in 15-24 year olds.
Hepatitis B-2 shows the rates of acute hepatitis B by age group. Seventy-three (73%) percent of cases were Black, 27 % were nonwhite. Ninety-two (92%) percent of the nonwhite cases were Black.Hepatitis B-2
Hepatitis B Rates and Age Group
Indiana, 1996
|
Age Group
|
Number of Cases |
Rate* |
|
0-4 |
0 |
0 |
|
5-14 |
1 |
0.2 |
|
15-24 |
36 |
4.4 |
|
25-34 |
39 |
4.6 |
|
35-44 |
35 |
4.3 |
|
45-54 |
16 |
2.8 |
|
55-64 |
11 |
2.3 |
|
65-74 |
5 |
1.2 |
|
>74 |
2 |
0.7 |
* Cases/100,000; n=145
Risk factors for contracting hepatitis B were known for 111 cases (75.5 %) and are shown in
Hepatitis B-3. Even with the number of reported cases decreasing in 1996, the number of patients reporting tattoo application within six months prior to infection increased from 4 in 1995 to 7. Although five (5) medical employees were reported with acute hepatitis B, only one reported having a puncture wound with a contaminated object within 6 months prior to developing infection.Hepatitis B-3
Frequency of Patient-Recorded Risk Factors for Hepatitis B
Indiana 1996
|
Risk Factor
|
Number of "Yes" responses* |
|
Multiple sexual partners |
25 |
|
Homosexual/bisexual |
15 |
|
Contact of a case |
8 |
|
Tattoo application |
7 |
|
Injectable drug use |
6 |
|
Needlestick injury |
5 |
|
History of surgery |
5 |
|
Medical employment |
5 |
|
Dialysis contact |
1 |
|
Blood transfusion |
1 |
* Cases may have multiple risk factors
Incidence for counties reporting five (5) or more cases are noted in
Hepatitis B-4.Hepatitis B-4
Incidence of Reported Cases of Hepatitis B in Counties
with 5 or more cases, Indiana, 1996
|
County
|
Number of Cases |
Rate* |
|
Marion |
56 |
7.0 |
|
St. Joseph |
12 |
4.9 |
|
LaPorte |
5 |
4.7 |
|
Vanderburgh |
6 |
3.6 |
|
Allen |
7 |
2.3 |
|
Lake |
7 |
1.5 |
* Cases/100,000
HEPATITIS C AND NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS
Cases = 10
Crude rate (per 100,000 population) = 0.18
Hepatitis C is a form of bloodborne non-A, non-B hepatitis. In 1996, Indiana reported ten (10) persons who tested positive for the hepatitis C antibody and met the criteria for acute hepatitis infection. There were no deaths reported. Seven (7) cases were female, three (3) were male. Of the nine cases which race was reported, seven (7) were White, two (2) were Black. Risk factors for acquiring hepatitis C were known for four (4) cases (40%) and are shown below.
Frequency of Patient-Reported Risk Factors
for Hepatitis C, Indiana 1995
|
Risk Factor
|
Number of "Yes" Responses |
|
Medical employment |
2 |
|
Injectable drugs |
1 |
|
Tattoo application |
1 |
* Multiple positive responses possible
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